2022 年10月云南高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题

　　课程代码:00096

　　1. 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

　　2. 答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

　　选择题部分

　　注意事项:

　　每小题选出答案后,用 2B 铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。 不能答在试题卷上。

　　一、单项选择题:本大题共 15 小题,每小题 2 分,共 30 分。 在每小题列出的备选项中只有一项是最符合题目要求的,请将其选出。

　　1. Economists reckon that the euro will slide to less than parity with the dollar within a year.

　　A. agree B. think C. suggest D. reject

　　2. Japan has set targets to cut taxes, rein in powerful trade unions and reduce public spending.

　　A. encourage B. supply C. control D. manage

　　3. Because RMB is not fully convertible, it cannot be attacked by foreign speculators.

　　A. available B. exchangeable C. payable D. believable

　　4. With its growing economic and military clout, China is playing an important role in the world.

　　A. cloud B. method C. power D. system

　　5. Energy shortage and antiquated infrastructure make it difficult to attract foreign investment.

　　A. outdated B. unqualified C. modern D. complex

　　6. Even countries with strong foreign exchange positions try to use countertrade as leverage to tap the networks of global firms.

　　A. average B. partner C. form D. tool

　　7. Properly applied financial incentives are a powerful tool to inspire employees to improve their per鄄 formance.

　　A. policies B. income C. benefits D. encouragement

　　8. How the unbalanced partnership between Germany and France, and an increasingly detached Britain will shape the EU?

　　A. separated B. delivered C. friendly D. different

　　9. The aim of Japan蒺s high-speed rail revolution is to supplant domestic air travel.

　　A. assist B. defeat C. replace D. exceed

　　10. Google created one of the most lucrative business models in the history of media.

　　A. efficient B. profitable C. safe D. risky

　　11. A ban on smoking in public places will come into force in China next month.

　　A. discuss B. go on C. take effect D. end

　　12. Asian countries face the common task of promoting regional economic integration and keeping the vitality of Asian economy.

　　A. combination B. development C. comparison D. competition

　　13. The single market is debut just as Europe traverse one of its roughest economic storms in year.

　　A. last performance B. best show C. first appearance D. previous idea

　　14. The government must provide the necessary instruments to facilitate development of the public and private sectors.

　　A. increase B. cause C. help D. hinder

　　15. Apple smartphones have a dominant share of market, having suppressed the Nokia.

　　A. largest B. ruling C. obvious D. typical

　　二、判断题:本大题共 10 小题,每小题 2 分,共 20 分。

　　判断下列各题,在答题卡( 纸) 相应位置正确的涂“ A冶,错误的涂“ B冶。

　　Passage 1

　　Review of Markets ——— Corn Futures

　　Futures market for corn, wheat and soybeans have a tough act to follow in 1997. The past 12 months featured some of the most volatile grain prices in recent history, as weather moved the market dramatically. Records were set for both price and volume. Corn - futures prices marched up 57% from the beginning of the year. Wheat-futures prices also skyrocketed to an all-time high to about

　　$ 7 a bushel, doubling in prices since early 1995.

　　Increasing world-wide demand and an expectation of record-low crop production because of unfavorable weather led to high prices early in 1996. For wheat, conditions stayed dry through May, while for corn and soybeans, weather remained dry in key producing regions into June. Because of the weather early in the year, the nation蒺s granaries held a precariously low amount—just 426 million bushels of corn at one point in September, the lowest level since the 1970s.

　　But just when supply concerns pushed prices into the record-breaking range, rains and interna鄄 tional supply spoiled the bullish party. Farmers planted 8 million more acres of corn alone in 1996 and large crops also came from Europe and Australia. The high price encouraged shifts in planning- area and yield went up. Soybean demand could outpace its grain cousins because of the rapid growth in China, which recently switched from being an exporter to an importer of soybean products. And if there are any problems with production, the market is liable to have a large price advance.

　　16. The grain prices kept stable during the past 12 months.

　　17. Wheat-futures price in early 1995 is about $ 3. 5 a bushel.

　　18. Unfavorable weather led to record-low crop production in 1996.

　　19. Because of the weather, many countries stored more corn than expected.

　　20. Rapid demand growth makes China become an importer of soybean.

　　Passage 2

　　Smooth Ride on the Road to success

　　It is the good fortune of the United Arab Emirates ( UAE) that the country and its economy are enjoying a much softer ride. The federation is functioning smoothly with few obvious obstacles on the path ahead. A lot of the multinational companies have chosen Dubai to target their markets. They recognize that here they can have the international exposure, the services and access to the storage and distribution networks. They are looking at Dubai as a distribution and management center for the whole of the Middle East.

　　The range of economic activity remains one of the UAE蒺s great strengths in combating the peri鄄 odic downturns in the oil market. Nevertheless, it is widely acknowledged that the oil price contin鄄 ued to have a disproportionate bearing on the economy蒺s well-being and that further diversification is required. Strong emphasis is being attached to the development of non-oil activity, whether it be through joint stock investment companies or government agencies. However other aspects of econom鄄 ic reform have hardly got onto political agenda. There has been no privatization and still there isn蒺t a stock exchange. Next year may see some action. The review of the draft stock exchange rules is nea鄄 ring completion and that 1996 should see the publication of a stock exchange law. Yet, few expect a sea-change in economic policy. The trend is towards economic reform, but it won蒺t be rushed. There is still enough money around to satisfy most people蒺s expectation. A similar assessment was made in a recent study by the Emirates Industrial Bank on the possibility of greater private involve鄄 ment in infrastructure projects. “ For the UAE although these are not pressing policy concerns, it might be worthwhile to start looking at the best institutional arrangements from a medium to long term perspective for managing the infrastructure,冶 it said.

　　21. A lot of multinational companies came to Dubai and set up their offices.

　　22. To deal with the fall in the price of oil, UAE began to develop non-oil activities.

　　23. A stock exchange will never be allowed in UAE.

　　24. There will be a fundamental reform in UAE蒺s economy policy.

　　25. Private investment are always encouraged in infrastructure projects in UAE.

　　非选择题部分

　　注意事项:

　　用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。

　　三、将下列中文词组译成英文:本大题共 10 小题,每小题 1 分,共 10 分。

　　26. 知识产权

　　27. 进口配额

　　28. 有形贸易

　　29. 硬通货

　　30. 特许专营权

　　31. 企业家精神

　　32. 流动资产

　　33. 优惠税率

　　34. 证券交易所

　　35. 制成品

　　四、将下列英语单词或词组译成中文:本大题共 10 小题,每小题 1 分,共 10 分。

　　36. portfolio investment

　　37. trade deficit

　　38. government procurement

　　39. conglomerate

　　40. fledgling industries

　　41. trade sanctions

　　42. certificate of origin

　　43. brain trust

　　44. Bank of International Settlements

　　45. free-trade zone

　　五、简答题:本大题共 6 小题,每小题 3 分,共 18 分。

　　Passage 1

　　Disputes over farm trade have bedevilled the current round of GATT talks from the start. That is unsurprising. For decades governments everywhere have suppressed market forces in agriculture with subsidies, tariffs, quotas, monopoly purchasing boards and all the other paraphernalia of mule - headed intervention. On one plausible estimate, consumers in industrial countries pay $ 300 billion a year in taxes and higher prices to support farming. Even allowing for the income transferred to farmers, the net welfare loss caused by the industrial countries蒺 farm policies is $ 100 billion a year. What exactly are those reforms of the common agricultural policy ( CAP) that Europe蒺s govern鄄 ments agreed to? On cereals, where Europe and America have squabbled most fiercely, the GATT蒺s director-general suggested cuts of 20% in the value of the CAP蒺s production subsidies. America said it would settle for nothing else. The EC then came up with a new plan to re鄄form the CAP. Its main idea is to replace some production subsidies with direct payments to farmers.

　　46. In what way could “ subsidies冶 suppress marked forces in the farm trade?

　　47. What does “ squabble冶mean here?

　　48. From the sentence underlined, do you think what attitude America took towards the reform sug鄄 gested by the GATT蒺s director-general?

　　Passage 2

　　A notable development in 1991 was a narrowing of current account imbalances of most major in鄄 dustrial countries: The U. S. current鄄account deficit moved to near balance. The trade component of the deficit narrowed as lower inflation and earlier dollar depreciation improved competitiveness, while the transfers component moved into substantial surplus because of war-related payments. Mo鄄 reover, there was a remarkable swing in the German current account—from a surplus equivalent to

　　3. 2% of GDP in 1990 to a deficit of 1. 3% . A continuation of the surge of imports that followed uni鄄 fication, as well as the earlier appreciation of the deutsche mark,contributed to the swing. Several important developments in monetary conditions also took place in 1991. Reflecting more accommoda鄄 tive monetary policy, nominal short-term interest rates fell in the United States. In contrast, the in鄄 crease in German nominal short-term interest rates to postwar highs narrowed the potential of some European Monetary System partners to reduce their rates.

　　49. What蒺s the meaning of “ the trade component of the deficit冶?

　　50. Why does the appreciation of the deutsche mark cause the German current account to swift from a surplus to a deficit?

　　51. What蒺s your paraphrase of “ accommodative冶 in the sentence?

　　六、翻译题:本大题 12 分。

　　52. A clearly confident China has rolled up a large section of its bamboo curtain, declared itself “ open to the outside world冶 and hung signs on nearly all its cities inviting foreign investors to come and do serious business. In China蒺s special economic zones ( SEZs), which are being built almost from scratch, foreigners can invest in anything which the state deems useful for the country, be it, for example, production of goods for export or construction of private-housing estates. These can be joint ventures, cooperative enterprises or wholly foreign-owned operations. Because every factory or business established in the SEZs is new, imports of capital and consumer goods ( except cigarettes and liquor) are exempted from customs duties, and a uniform 15% income-tax rate is applied.